In Apologia, the methods of developing a hypothesis must be physical and measurable; these methods are related to the study of “geometry” and “logic.” Kepler discusses a concrete and measurable scientific method in the lives of philosophers, centering on a hypothesis and its related use for “observing celestial motions.” As a result, Kepler has a modern view of science, as well as scientific method and the pursuit of knowledge and truth. By relying on numbers, measurements, observations, and a hypothesis as the means of discovering truth, Kepler makes his view of science and astronomy shy away from previous methods of acquiring knowledge and focuses on a more modern viewpoint. By switching to a more mathematical view of truth, Kepler discusses a view that is vastly different from previous constructions of reality and the nature of knowledge through science and experimentation. Heidegger focuses more on Ancient Greek philosophers, as well as the deeper meanings of existence, which in turn shapes his world view and conception of science and scientific method. Calling less on numbers and concrete observations of the world, Heidegger’s view of science instead centers on what science is, rather than how to apply it. By having an existentialist nature, Heidegger dissects the representations of scientific achievements, instead of how “scientists” achieve knowledge. In many ways, Kepler has a more “scientific” view of the scientific method, while still calling on influence from philosophers, whereas Heidegger has a view more based on humanities. By focusing more on the human side of science, Heidegger has a view of science that is set away from the modern cultural paradigm, and in spite of his view’s relation to philosophy, Heidegger’s world view of knowledge is more human in sense, not relying on numbers, math, and calculations.
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